Concepts of Components Theory

Concepts of Components Theory Introduction Concepts are important in any research study. They are utilized to develop nursing theories. In essence, nursing theories originate from concepts. To achieve theory development, concepts must be defined. Additionally, they must be refined to establish connection with the theory. This paper will explore conceptual components of theory.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Concepts of Components Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conceptual components of theory Components form the blocks for theory construction. Besides, concepts create hypothesis. Hypothesis is usually accepted through use of concepts. Any theory can only be understood if its concepts are clearly outlined or if those expected to understand it are well conversant with the concepts. In essence, there can be no theory without concepts. Concepts make the building blocks of nursing theories (Rushing, 2008, pp. 198-210). How the components are observed and measured in practice Components of nursing theories can be observed and measured through research studies. Moreover, since most concepts are usually accepted, they are observed based on accepted rules for observation. They are also measured based on agreed procedures. In essence, assumptions are usually made on ways of observation and measurements. Nursing theory has numerous concepts. Among which are four main ones namely health, patient, environment and nursing roles/goals and functions. Middle range theories such as Johnson’s theory of sensation have utilized a number of nursing concepts. This can be observed through the patient’s behavior, nursing goals, health and environment of nursing (Veo, 2010, pp.17-22). For instance, the theory of sensation states that inconsistencies between what is experienced and expected in physical sensation usually result in distress. This can be observed through seeing, tasting, smelling and hearing. In essence, Johnson a rgues that when one is prepared to face surgery prior to the event, this reduces anxiety and thus increases his ability to cooperate fully throughout the procedure. It is also necessary to note that concepts are usually defined by measuring operation utilized. For instance, health can be measured by body mass index. Secondly, nursing can be measured through functions or roles. It is necessary to note that some concepts can only be measured indirectly using indicators. How the theory has evolved based on the testing of the concepts The theory of sensation has evolved over time. This has spanned through different theorists including psychologists. Scientific theories change whenever new findings come up. This usually happens when new findings faults old ideas. In the process, new interpretations are usually presented on old data. Sensation has evolved over time due to change in personality constructs/concepts.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, interaction with the environment has also led to behavioral changes. Modernized technologies have also led to advanced ways of measuring sensation. This has led to significant changes in concepts of the theory of sensation. In essence, when methods of observation and measuring of concepts change, it is probable that concepts also change to give new interpretations. Testing of concepts over time change with advent of new technologies and ideas. Validity of constructs is usually based on research and theory. Nursing theories are developed by defining and redefining concepts based on research. This evolves based on new constructs (Wills McEwen, 2010). Conclusion Concepts are essential in development of theories. They form the basic blocks of theories. They are characterized by assumptions since they are usually accepted for the period of time in which they are applicable. That is, once new ideas are brought f orth, they are usually changed to fit into new constructs. References Rushing, A. (2008). The unitary life pattern of persons experiencing serenity in recovery from alcohol and drug addiction. Advances in Nursing Science, 31(3), 198-210. Veo, P. (2010). Concept mapping for applying theory to nursing practice. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, 26(1), 17-22. Wills, M. McEwen, M. (2010). Theoretical Basis for Nursing. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams Wilkins.

Business Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Business Report - Essay Example The paper begins with an introduction of technological trends adopted by various renowned supermarket brands. Self-service checkouts have been selected as the centre of discussion. Next, a number of influences of self-service checkouts on labor need and customer satisfaction gives an insight of the importance of this system. In addition, a mixed difference opinion by several customers relating to the usage of self-service system has been given. The research paper concludes with presenting a few implications that retail businesses can imply to enhance their operations and build the customer loyalty that represents the success of their business. These systems are not adopted by businesses to reduce the costs but to enhance their customer relationships by providing easy shopping experience. Introduction To be waiting in the checkout line is one frustrating fact of shopping; however, people are now adopting offline shopping with the induction of self-service checkouts, which allow them t o evaluate their products and scan for billing. Technology has played a vital role in enhancing purchase and sales. The process has been improved further with regard to fulfilling purchase orders before time and making quicker sales in fewer periods. The food retail market is also benefiting with this technology to make the service easier for its customers who avoid spending time on long checkout queues. According to a survey conducted by Supermarket News reports, food retail sector has adopted latest technology to enhance its customer preferences by a greater margin than any other industry in this world. Consumers believe that this industry most implements technology for better customer experiences and introduces new ways and techniques to enhance their services quickly. The largest supermarkets of USA such as Wal-mart and Target have been working extensively to improve the customer experience of their supermarkets and they have successfully introduced technology as a part of their establishment to this day. Wal-mart is one renowned retail brand that adopted self-service checkouts for their stores. Customers begin to deal with the checkout process more efficiently by doing the job themselves. The response on this adoption of technology was positive and many customers were relieved of wasting time at long checkouts. According to NCR, Kmart introduced self-service checkouts with the installation of about five thousand systems at its thirteen hundred stores in year 2011. These systems managed to make sales for Kmart up to 22 percent per year, which achieved a close target for their sales (Bird, 2012, pg. 1-3). Supermarket Guru Phil Lempert proposes that supermarkets must cater to their consumer’s preferences since grocery shopping is not what they like to do the most. Particularly, 53% of consumers have been reported to avoid grocery shopping while 14% dislike grocery shopping due to the processes at retails. Knowing the preferences of customers is the ke y to introduce technology that can help bolster the retail systems. Trends that need to be adopted by retails must focus on this perspective and bring innovations to improve the way customer shops. A customer needs to have full information of what he is going to buy therefore trends must be adopted in briefing

Health and Safety Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Health and Safety Management - Assignment Example It is important to emphasize to employees that they can talk freely about health and safety and that they have an assessable system in place that provides an open transparent conduit by which they can voice their concerns. It is important to provide a formal, scheduled meeting, or even an ad hoc open session to receive regular feedback.   Simple forms posted on bulletin board announcing discussions on health and safety issues are encouraged.   Each day, an average of 9,000 U.S. workers sustain disabling injuries on the job, 17 workers die from an injury sustained at work, and 137 workers die from work-related diseases. The economic burden of this continuing toll is high. Data from federal studies published in 1997 showed that in 1992, direct and indirect costs of occupational injuries and illnesses totaled $171 billion. These costs are compared to costs for other major health problems in the chart at the top of the next page. The function and purpose of regulations are to give details of requirements that must be observed in the workplace.   Regulations are the second tier of current legislation. While they are subordinate to the existing laws, they still represent legal requirements, and failure to comply will generally be an offence punishable by a fine. The Act (Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995, is about making workplaces and work practices safer for everyone.) (The State of Queensland (Department of Employment and Industrial Relations) 2006. broadly outlines the legal obligations employers and workers have to workplace health and safety. The Regulations set out goals for meeting these legal obligations and making workplaces safe.   Employers and workers can tailor safety measures to the needs of individual workplaces provided the outcomes specified in the Regulations are achieved.

Romanticism Movement Essay Example for Free

Romanticism Movement Essay Romanticism branched out of the age of humanism, and was an intellectual, literary, and mostly artistic movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century and at the beginning of the 19th century and was a revolt against the Neoclassicism which was popular in the previous centuries due to the Age of Enlightenment. The artistic movement rebelled against theoretical tradition. Many artists that participated in this movement drew inspiration from deep, emotional matters which they used as a foundation or starting point for many of their subjects and distinguished artistic styles. In shorter terms, the points that were emphasized in Romanticism were freedom, imagination, and of course emotion. Romanticism is therefore very much related to Realism in certain aspects. A German poet by the name of Friedrich Schlegel was credited for coining the term â€Å"romantic† which was used to describe literature in an â€Å"emotional matter in an imaginative form.† At the beginning of the 19th century, countries were experiencing, and going through many difficulties. Napoleon had ravaged many nations and had soaked their fields with much bloodshed. Europe however, was getting it the worst. The people living in Europe were dealing with crisis after crisis. Many were feeling lost, helpless, and generally miserable. There was absolutely no peace, and no order. It was most definitely a time for mourning and anguish. So at this point the Romanticism movement undoubtedly grew, as more people and artists focused on individualism, as opposed to life in society. Because many were individualists, they would obviously spend much time in the wilderness admiring nature then living in urban areas, thus nature was loved and worshipped by many romanticists. One can only imagine the various types of artwork that was produced because of this particular movement. There were more prominent figures or individuals that particularly stood out in the romantically artistic movement. One of these figures was a German Romantic landscape painter by the name of Caspar David Friedrich. He was born on September 5th 1774, and was known for his symbolic landscapes, and an overwhelming sense of loneliness in his paintings. His landscapes barely or rarely depicted sunlight, and rather they portrayed dense fog, mist or dawn. As he lost more friends and family to death, he would suffer depressive episodes. These episodes noticeably shifted the themes in his artwork, as he began to use graveyards, ruins, vultures and owls in many of his paintings, which symbolized and hinted at a looming, impending death. Friedrich is considered by many to be the â€Å"Edgar-Allen Poe† of art. Another pioneer of the Romantic movement was a influential French artist, painter, and lithographer know as Jean-Louis Andre Theodore Gericault. Initially, Gericault studied Neoclassicism at the Musee du Louvre but eventually found that his capacity to learn, or grow on this subject was lacking, so he left. Many of his paintings feature horses in them because he spent much time in the stables in Versailles studying the action and anatomy of horses. In is paintings he displayed graceful defeat, savagery, heroism, and of course animal magnificence. One of his most notable paintings is titled, â€Å"The Raft of the Medusa.† The painting reflected a French shipwreck which was called â€Å"Meduse,† of which its passengers were left to die by the ship’s captain. These however are just some of the distinguished artists that held a prominent role in the Romanticism movement. Though the American Revolution had taken place, and had their own Romanticism movement, France had been the hot zone when it came to this movement. France had been going through a revolution through out the time the movement was being advertised. As a matter of fact, the revolution seemed to be fueling the movement. This is evident in many pieces of Romantic literature, in which there are signs of effects caused by revolution. It is actually hinted that Romanticism in France was in fact the product of the effects of the revolution. The revolution inspired many Romantic writers, many of which were British, such as Percy Shelley, Lord Byron,William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and many others, as they approved of the revolution and shared the same views regarding it. And though they all praised the revolution, they each had their own unique ideas regarding it, which can be studied or examined through their work. Furthermore, the movement had its own ideas in general about the overall revolution. When the revolt turned the entire nation in a new direction, many people used the freedom they had acquired to implement just laws to live and abide by, and they also had the freedom to think for themselves without having to be influenced by the society. Before the revolution, the work of artists, poets and writers chiefly dwelled on those who were high in social classes and religious leaderships. However that would soon change. Strengthened and encouraged by the revolution many writers and artists that had been holding in the will to express themselves were finally given the chance to under the new laws implemented by the population. Romanticism was a crucial movement during the French Revolution, as it helped many cope with the harsh lives they were living, and strike inspiration into the hearts of fellow Romantic pioneers. This movement also paved the way for Realism and as both discussed the depressive realities of life. â€Å"Some people call me sick and twisted. I feel that I’m neither; I am instead a Romantic.† -Kenzie Western Citations: http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/tag/romanticism http://www.uh.edu/engines/romanticism/introduction.html http://www.artchive.com/artchive/G/gericault.html http://www2.roguecc.edu/art/wpeterson/art206/romantic.html

Flannery OConnors A Good Man Is Hard To Find :: essays research papers

In her short story "A Good Man is Hard to Find† Flannery O'Connor's seems to portray a feeling that society as she saw it was drastically changing for the worse. O'Connor's obvious displeasure with society at the time is most likely a result of her Catholic religion and her very conservative upbringing in the ‘old south.’ She seems to depict her opinion in this particular story by using the character of the grandmother to show what she saw was happening to the times. Evidence of society's "demise" is woven into the story, and presented through an interesting generation gap between the grandmother and her family. The grandmother is representative of devoutness and Christianity which O'Connor apparently believed to be more prevalent in the "glamorous" Old South. Attention to prim detail separated the grandmother from the rest of her family who seemed to be living in a different world than she. As she organized herself in preparation for the trip, her family was described as rather common people living in a frusturated middle class world. O’Connor described the old woman as she settled herself comfortably, removing her white cotton gloves and putting them up with her purse on the shelf in front of the back window. The children's mother still had on slacks and still had her head tied up in a green kerchief but the grandmother had on a navy blue straw sailor hat with a bunch of white violets on the brim and a navy blue dress with a small white dot in the print. Her collar and cuffs were white organdy trimmed with lace, and at her neckline she had pinned a purple spray of cloth violets containing a sachet. In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once she was a lady. The parents pay little attention to the grandmother and when they do, they are often quite rude. The unruly children are representative of the breakdown of respect, and discipline, and are consequently a forecast of future generations. They constantly demean the grandmother and at one point, June Star even complains that her grandmother has to go everywhere they go right to her face. O’Connor seems to be illustrating not only how times are changing, but how the future generations have no respect for thier precedents. The Misfit represents evil. At one point the Misfit likens himself to Christ, in that they both were punished for crimes they did not commit. Christ accepted death for the sins of all people, however. The Misfit is in a constant battle against his fate that he sees

Jasper Jones Language Features Essay

In the Novel Jasper Jones by Craig Silvey, Silvey uses language features such as first person narrative, Allegory and symbolism for the purpose of helping the reader understand Charlie Bucktin’s journey from innocence to experience. Craig Silvey Uses First person narrative in the Novel Jasper Jones, The story is completely told though the eyes of Charlie Bucktin, an unassuming bookworm who is woken up one night when Jasper Jones comes to his window to ask him for help. As the reader we fully experience Charlies journey and because Charlie is depicted as a very bright young man the narrative is very descriptive and bears a whole host of colourful language that depicts, so clearly, each and every step that Charlie takes. Silvey writes Jasper Jones as an allegory to Harper Lee’s To kill a Mockingbird. It is through the intertextuality that provides the source of the action, thematic development(the journey of innocence to experience) and parallels between Charlie Bucktin and Scout’s narration in the respective texts. The repeated refrences that Charie makes to To Kill A Mockingbird also gives insight into Charlie’s character and the reasoning behind his actions. â€Å"I try to reason with him, like Atticus might† The Use of symbols in Jasper Jones is very effective as symbols are used to mark turning points and changes in Charlies life. The first symbol that is quite important is The collection, or library, of books belonging to Charlie’s father, Wes Bucktin. Wes’ library symbolises the beginning of Charlie’s journey to experience. Charlie is only granted access to this library when he refers to Jasper Jones as a â€Å"half caste† but once Charlie enters into this completely new world of literary immersion he begins to gain a lot of knowledge of the world and constantly uses reference to many titles in his narration such as: â€Å"Huckleberry Finn† and â€Å"To kill a Mockingbird†. Another Symbol used by Silvey is the symbol of the hole that Charlie is forced to dig by his mother. Charlie’s mother Ruth, makes Charlie dig a large hole in the backyard after Charlie comes home very late one night and has the whole town believing that he has been k idnapped. Although it isn’t apparent at first, the hole symbolises Charlie’s mothers own transgressions and her attempt to blame Charlie for everything is only her way of trying to make him â€Å"fill it in†. The Author uses the language features of first person narrative, allegory and symbolism for the purpose of helping the reader understand Charlie’s journey from innocence to experience. The use of first person narrative gives us inside access to Charlie’s thoughts and experiences and this allows the reader to be able to see Charlie change as the story continues. The Allegory helps us unserstand Charlie’s journey from innocence to experience by modelling his behaviour and actions against the characters from another classic novel with similar themes and plot and finally the use of symbols helps us to see when and how this journey begins to truly take place, when Charlie finds his mother having an extramarital affair he realises what she has been doing and when she tries to place it back on him he won’t allow it â€Å"you dug this hole, you fill it in† In The novel Jasper Jones By Craig Silvey, The Author uses the language features of first person narra tive, allegory and symbolism for the purpose of helping the reader understand Charlie’s journey from innocence to experience.

Analysis Of News And Social Media Effects On Society And...

I. Title of Paper - Analysis of news and social media effects on society and individuals. II. Introduction – a. Utilizing Sociological and Psychological literature, this paper will conduct a critical analysis of mass media and more specifically social media and the effects/persuasions it has on society and individuals. As this is fairly a debatable topic I will provide arguments focusing on the negative aspects of television and social media as well as some positives. b. My thesis sentence (or hypothesis) is: Utilizing a variety of literature from both Sociology and Psychology, I will provide facts and effects that mass media and more specifically social media has affected society in a negative fashion due to prejudices and misinformation of those behind the broadcast or publication. III. Description and types of mass media Mass media, as stated by dictionary.com is â€Å"the means of communication that reach large number of people in a short time, such as television, newspapers, magazines, and radio† (Mass Media, n.d.). While the term mass media is brief in definition, the term is far more extensive than one could imagine. â€Å"First there was the telegraph and the post offices, then the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television, and now the internet and the new media including palmtops, cell phones etc† (Maghal, 2013). In addition to the previously stated mass media also included are computers and the internet. Initially mass media was intended for three ideas; provideShow MoreRelatedSocial Analysis1489 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Analysis Assignment Social analysis means taking the time, habit, to question what is happening in the world around us. It means asking questions about society and looking for answers about whats going on and who it affects. 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